Category Archives: Echocardiography
How can you make a TR get more prominent during Doppler echo?
A tricuspid regurgitation (TR) jet can be enhanced by deep inspiration or passive leg raising which increases the right sided inflow. Another method is to give agitated saline [..]
Diastolic function assessment by echo in the AF
Conventionally left ventricular diastolic function assessment by echocardiography relies on mitral inflow velocity measurement with demonstration of E/A reversal as an evidence of diastolic dysfunction. In atrial fibrillation, [..]
Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Swiss cheese ventricular septal defects Multiple muscular ventricular septal defects (VSD) are also called ‘swiss cheese’ VSD. Swiss cheese VSDs are difficult to close surgically. It is difficult [..]
Myocardial strain and strain rate evaluation by tissue Doppler techniques
Deformation of the myocardium on application of a physical stress is termed myocardial strain. It is measured as the change in distance between two points (L) divided by [..]
Targeting LV lead for CRT with speckle-tracking echocardiography
Identifying the ideal site for left ventricular (LV) lead placement for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a challenge to the operator. Khan FZ and colleagues [Targeted Left Ventricular [..]
Evaluation of diastolic function by tissue Doppler
Conventionally, Doppler evaluation of diastolic function is by assessing the mitral flow velocities in diastole. But this has inherent limitation as being highly dependent on ventricular preload. Tissue [..]
Trivial AR on color Doppler echo
Trivial AR on color Doppler echo Trivial aortic regurgitation (AR) on color Doppler echocardiogram. Such trivial AR jets are quite common and does not usually have any added [..]
Tissue Doppler in myocardial ischemia
Reduction in myocardial systolic velocity (Sa) can be noted within as short as fifteen seconds of myocardial ischemia. Lowering of both systolic velocities can be seen with ischemia [..]
Aortic arch on echocardiogram
Aortic arch on supersternal echocardiographic view Aortic arch is visualized by placing the transducer in the suprasternal view. Ascending aorta (Asc Ao), aortic arch (Ao Arch) and descending [..]
Dobutamine stress echocardiography
Initial dobutamine infusion is at low dose: 10 micrograms/kg/min (ten micrograms per kilogram body weight per minute) High dose dobutamine infusion is given at: 20 micrograms/kg/min (twenty micrograms [..]