Commonest congenital cardiac malformation: bicuspid aortic valve
Incidence of congenital heart disease: 8 per thousand live birth
Indicators of large left to right shunt
Cardiac enlargement
Presence of flow murmurs
Presence of third heart sound
Wide pulse pressure in case of PDA
Which RSOVs have low shunt?
RSOVs into RVOT have low shunts. Otherwise the shunt is more than 2:1 in RSOV to right sided chambers.
What is the critical component in the repair of pulmonary atresia?
Presence of a good sized confluent pulmonary artery is important in the surgical repair of pulmonary atresia. Chance of having confluent pulmonary artery is reduced if there are several collaterals. Presence of hilar pulmonary arteries on chest x-ray favour the presence of a confluence.
Bicuspid AV is one of the commonest congenital lesions occurring in about 2% of live births. However in a study done in 1075 neonates by Echo the prevalence was 4.6 per 1000 live births.
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